Last edited by Moogut
Saturday, August 1, 2020 | History

2 edition of Critical flow of wet steam through a well rounded orifice found in the catalog.

Critical flow of wet steam through a well rounded orifice

by Stephen Anthony Hulsizer

Published .
Written in English

Subjects:
• Mechanical engineering

• The Physical Object
Paginationp. ;
ID Numbers
Open LibraryOL25241623M

SUMMARY - Critical flow behavior of steam-water mixtures through orifices was investigated experimentally. As the stem quality increases, mass flow rates per unit orifice area rapidly decrease even at low pressure ratios. For the steani quality larger than 6 %, two-pliase flow shows critical flow behavior. Effects of the orifice diaineter on.   To calculate the flow of water through an orifice we need to know things: the velocity of the water and the cross-sectional area of water. To make this calculation we have to assume that the.

gases & steam flow, when the Reynold number ranges from to Eccentric this orifice plate is rounded to a quarter circle. This orifice care should be exercised to avoid operating well beyond the critical pressure drop. Critical implies a pressure drop across the device exceeding 50 percent. The calculation of compressible flow through orifice plates at high dP (critical flow) appears to be carried out incorrectly in most instances. This flow condition is often encountered on gas plants, compressor stations and pipelines where orifice plates are commonly used as a cheap and convenient way to regulate blowdown and pressurising rates.

An orifice (sometimes incorrectly referred to as a venturi) drains condensate through a fixed hole (there may be a series of varying inside diameters before and after the fixed hole). The orifice diameter is fixed and cannot vary during operation; therefore, it is used for a single flow . - reversible adiabatic expansion through the orifice - inlet velocity«velocity through the orifice and thus. negligible - ideal gas constant, R= - k=Cp/Cv= - critical flow pressure, Pm=O*PI.

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Critical flow of wet steam through a well rounded orifice by Stephen Anthony Hulsizer Download PDF EPUB FB2

RE: wet steam thru orifice (Chemical) 30 Nov 05 As a possible answer to the question by sayloday28, if I'm not mistaken, the formula for mass flow rates on chocked flow through orifices shows dependency on.

Thesis (M.S. in M.E.)--University of Washington, Critical flow of wet steam through a well rounded orifice. Item PreviewPages: Online calculator to quickly determine Steam Flow Rate through an Orifice. Includes 53 different calculations.

Equations displayed for easy reference. Critical flow of wet steam through a well rounded orifice. experiment explores the critical flow properties of two phase steam in a well rounded converging orifice.

Mass flow rates were obtained over a quality range of to slight superheat at pressures of 20 to 60 psia. Attempts were made to correlate previously determined Author: Stephen Anthony Hulsizer. Enter the password to open this PDF file: Cancel OK.

File name:. Contrariwise, a nozzle (rounded entry orifice) was found remarkably insensitive over nost of the dryness range and hence is useless for m/s for critical flow of steam through the nozzle.

Therefore, the pressure-drop along agree well with the condition of dry steam flow giving a ratio at xm = of about. This formula is the most generally accepted for the flow of steam in pipes. Table 66 is calculated from this formula and gives the amount of steam passing per minute that will flow through straight smooth pipes having a length of diameters from various initial pressures with one pound difference between the initial and final pressures.

To apply this table for other Critical flow of wet steam through a well rounded orifice book of pipe and. If flow through an orifice’s minimum area is maintained at Mach 1, the volume flow rate is only a function of the temperature and the pr essure upstream of the orifice.

Such a “critical orifice” is useful in air sampling when ambient conditions do not change rapidly. Under those conditions, a critical orifice.

thread steam flow calculation through a fixed orifice Just joined because I too am trying to double check flow calc of steam thru an orifice. Mr Rosse gave the flow in lb/hr answers for various drops but I've been struggling with all the forumulas to come up with proper units.

Generalizing to two-phase critical flow —where it is now assumed that reservoir A contains liquid at or near saturation conditions—it can be seen that for a sufficiently long flow path, the static pressure of the fluid accelerating through the connector will eventually fall to a level where flashing to vapor begins.

Bubble nucleation and growth rely on heat transfer at the vapor/liquid. Steam flow rates can be measured by using orifice plates.

The diagram below indicates steam flow rate (lb s /hr) through orifices ranging diameter 1/32" to 1/2" and 2 - psig steam line pressure. Downstream pressure equals atmospheric pressure. The position of the gate is indicated by a scale. As the rate of flow through the orifice increases, the area of the orifice is increased.

If all other factors in Equation () except area A 2 are kept constant, the flow through the orifice will depend on the product A 2 ⋅ E, or A 2 / [1 − (A 2 / A 1) 2]. The flow coefficient C f is found from experiments and is tabulated in reference books; it ranges from to for most orifices.

Since it depends on the orifice and pipe diameters (as well as the Reynolds Number), one will often find C f tabulated versus the ratio of orifice diameter to.

The choked flow calculation computes the mass flow rate through a pipe based on tank pressure and temperature, pipe length and diameter, minor losses, discharge pressure, and gas properties. Temperatures, pressures, densities, velocities, and Mach numbers are computed at all transition points (in the tank, at the pipe entrance, in the pipe at.

The orifice equation describes the rate of flow of liquid through an orifice. The equation can be represented as: $Q = C_{d}A\sqrt{2gh}$ where Q = flow (cubic metres per second) $C_{d}$ = coefficient of discharge A = area of orifice (square metres) g = acceleration from gravity ( m/s^2) h = head acting on the centreline (m).

For this type of restriction orifice plate the flow quantity through the orifice plate will vary with the pressure before and after the orifice plate. The restriction orifice plate is mostly applied in non-critical flow limitation. This could for instance be after a control valve in order to divide the required pressure loss into two elements.

Flow through a Sharp-edged Orifice. Consider an orifice plate placed in a pipe flow as shown in Fig We assume that the thickness of the plate is small in comparison to the pipe diameter.

Let the orifice be sharp edged. The effect of a rounded plate is a. Multiphase and wet gas flow is complicated and difficult to understand or predict. Flow but even in well established flow regimes the interface between gas and liquid is plates primarily in the number of holes bored through the plate, the Conditioning Orifice.

An orifice plate is a thin plate with a hole in it, which is usually placed in a pipe. When a fluid (whether liquid or gaseous) passes through the orifice, its pressure builds up slightly upstream of the orifice: 85–86 but as the fluid is forced to converge to pass through the hole, the velocity increases and the fluid pressure decreases.

A little downstream of the orifice the flow reaches. quantity of specific gravity gas can be passed through an orifice than a specific gravity gas. Since flow varies as the square root of one over the specific gravity twice as much gas will flow with the lighter gas, Orifice Differential Pressure in Inches of Water at 60 degF - hw.

Condensate flow #/hr. Orifice sized with safety factor3/8" dia. A variation of live steam loss from 11 to 91#/hour is possible.

If a homogeneous mix of condensate and steam prevails throughout the discharge,ll#/hour will be the loss of live no mixing occurs,but instead a slug of condensate only, is followed by a flow of steam.This chart shows estimated flows through a practical orifice, and are about 2/3rds the theoretical flow calculated for a perfect orifice.

The chart may be useful in estimating the flow capacity of a vacuum pump used to furnish vacuum to grippers used in handling sheet material used in the packaging, printing, and similar industries.K.G. Ewsuk, in Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, (a) Powder flow.

Typically, powder flow is characterized by the time it takes a given mass of powder to flow through a given size of funnel. Powder flow also can be assessed by the angle of repose that a loose powder makes when poured onto a flat surface (i.e., the angle measured between the flat surface and the cone.